Overview of Barpeta District
Formation
- Established in 1983.
- Renowned for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance.
Headquarters
- Located in Barpeta town, known as “Satra Nagari” (Temple Town of Assam) due to its numerous Vaishnavite Satras.
Geographical Area
- Covers approximately 3,245 square kilometers.
History of Barpeta
1. Ancient & Medieval Periods
- Part of Ancient Kamrup, ruled by various dynasties:
- Varmans (380-654 CE)
- Salasthamas (655-985 CE)
- Palas (985-1260 CE)
- Kamatas (1260-1509 CE)
- Koches (1509 onwards)
- Koch-Hajo State:
- Flourished under King Naranarayan.
- Mahapurush Shrimanta Sankardeva established Satras (monasteries), shaping the region’s cultural identity.
- Part of Ancient Kamrup, ruled by various dynasties:
2. Mughal & British Rule
- Mughal Invasion (17th century):
- Introduced systematic revenue collection.
- Issued land grants for Satras.
- Burmese Invasions (Early 19th century):
- Widespread destruction, including Barpeta Satra.
- British intervention restored order.
- British Administration (1841):
- Barpeta became a Civil Sub-Division under John Batlor.
- Increased land revenue, leading to peasant unrest.
- Lachima Uprising (1893-94) in response to heavy taxation.
- Mughal Invasion (17th century):
Geography
- Location: Western part of Assam, India.
Situated along Northern bank of Brahmaputra - Area: Approximately 3,245 square kilometers.
- Topography: Low-lying with an average elevation of about 35 meters.
- Boundaries:
- North: Baksa district
- East: Bajali district
- South: Kamrup and Goalpara districts
- West: Bongaigaon and Chirang districts
- Rivers: Chaulkhowa, Mora, Nodi (tributaries of the Brahmaputra River),Nakhanda.
- Beel : Velekee,Vela, Gora ,Bahuwa, chilla
- Notable Sites: Gateway to Manas National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
- Location: Western part of Assam, India.
Socio-Economy of Barpeta District
- Economy: Primarily agrarian, with most people dependent on agriculture.
- Main Products: Rice, jute,mustard and various vegetables.
- Local Trade: Several markets and bazaars support local trade.
- Industries: Small-scale industries contribute to the economy.
- Handicraft : Known for bell-metal crafts from Sarthebari.
- Cultural Influence: Rich cultural heritage linked to Vaishnavism, which also boosts tourism through religious sites.
Transport in Barpeta District
- Rail Connectivity: Nearest railway station is Barpeta Road, linking the district to major cities in Assam.
- Road Connectivity: Accessible via National Highway 31, connecting to Guwahati and other regions.
- Air Connectivity: Nearest airport is Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport in Guwahati.
Demographics of Barpeta District
- Total Population: 1,693,622
- Male Population: 867,004 (51.1%)
- Female Population: 826,618 (48.9%)
- Sex Ratio: 951 females for every 1000 males
- Population Density: 632 inhabitants per square kilometer
- Literacy Rate:
- Overall: 90.77%
- Male: 94.86%
- Female: 86.73%
- Child Population (0-6 years):
- Total Children: 287,829
- Male Children: 146,777
- Female Children: 141,052
- Child Sex Ratio: 961 girls for every 1000 boys
- Child Population Percentage (0-6 years): 16.99% of total population
- Total Children: 287,829
- Scheduled Castes (SC): Approximately 19.66% of the population
- Scheduled Tribes (ST): Approximately 0.28% of the population
Urban and Rural Distribution
- Urban Population: Approximately 147,353 (8.70% of total population)
- Rural Population: Approximately 1,546,269 (91.30% of total population)
Religious Composition
- Hindus: Approximately 40.19%
- Muslims: Approximately 59.37%
- Other religions account for a small percentage, including Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, and Jains.
- Total Population: 1,693,622
Administrative Setup of Barpeta District
- Administrative Headquarters: Barpeta town.
- Sub-Divisions and Revenue Circles: The district is divided into several sub-divisions and revenue circles.
- Development Blocks: 9 development blocks.
- Focus: Governance and development initiatives to improve infrastructure and public services.
Rainfall in Barpeta District
- Climate: Subtropical climate with distinct seasons.
- Average Annual Rainfall: Approximately 1,717 mm.
- Wettest Month: July.
- Seasons:
- Winters: Chilly
- Summers: Hot
Attractive Tourist Places
- Barpeta Satra: A prominent Vaishnavite monastery established by Madhabdev.
- Manas National Park: Known for its rich biodiversity and wildlife.
- Sarthebari: Famous for traditional bell-metal crafts.
- Temples and Cultural Sites: Various temples and cultural sites reflecting Assam’s heritage.
- Kirtan Ghar – a prominent Vaishnavite shrine and biggest Vaishnavite monastery of Assam.
Languages Spoken in Barpeta
- Bengali: Widely spoken by Bengali Hindus and Muslims.
- Assamese: Common among the local population.
- Hindi: Spoken by a smaller proportion.
- Other Languages: Present but in minor proportions.
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