Baksa District
Overview of Baksa District
1. Formation
- Established on June 1, 2004, as part of the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR).
- Created from parts of Nalbari, Barpeta, Kamrup, and a small portion of Darrang districts.
2.Headquarters
Located in Mushalpur.3.Geographical Area
Approximately 2,346 sq. km.
4.Population
Approx. 950,075 (2011 census).
History of Baksa District
Formation of Baksa
- Established on: February 10, 2003, under the Bodoland Territorial Autonomous Districts (BTAD).
- Carved out from: Nalbari, Barpeta, Kamrup, and part of Darrang districts.
- Headquarters: Mushalpur, 105 km from Guwahati.
Name Origin
- Derived from “Bangsa”, meaning farmhouse/corridor in Dzonkha.
- Historically a Bhutanese trade route, part of the Dooars (foothills) facilitating trade.
Historical Significance & Development
- Bodoland Movement:
- Aimed at political rights, identity, land rights, and cultural preservation of the Bodo people.
- Bodoland Movement:
Geography of Baksa District
- Area: 2,038.57 sq km.
- Boundaries:
- North: Bhutan
- East: Tamulpur
- South: Nalbari , Bajali and Barpeta
- West: Chirang
- Topography: Predominantly hilly, with a mix of plains and hills.
- A portion of Manas National Park falls here.
- Rivers:
- Manas River (flows along the western boundary).
- Other smaller rivers like the Beki, kaldia, Puthimari, pohumara and Borolia etc.
- Climate:
- Summer: Hot and humid with average temperatures ranging from 25°C to 35°C.
- Monsoon: Heavy rainfall from June to September.
- Winter: Cool and foggy, temperatures range from 5°C to 20°C.
- Rainfall : Approximately 2500 mm (average).
Socio-Economy of Baksa District
- Main Economy: Agriculture is the mainstay, with over 70% of the population dependent on farming.
- Crops: Rice, Jute, Mustard, Maize, and Tea are some key crops.
- Forestry: The district also has significant forest resources, including timber, bamboo, and medicinal plants.
- Other Industries: Handloom, handicrafts, and fishery also contribute to the local economy.
- Livelihood: Many people depend on the cultivation of crops, while others engage in daily wage labor and small-scale trading.
Transport in Baksa District
- Road Connectivity:
- National Highway 31 passes through the district.
- Several state highways connect major towns and villages within the district and to neighboring districts.
- Important roads connect Baksa with Assam’s major towns and Bhutan.
- Rail Connectivity:
- Railway stations include Mushalpur and other small stations.
- Air Connectivity: The nearest airport is in Guwahati, which is about 90 km from the district.
- Road Connectivity:
Demographics of Baksa District (2011 Census)
Population
Total Population: 950,075
Males: 481,330
Females: 468,745
Sex Ratio
Overall Sex Ratio: 974 females per 1000 males
Child Sex Ratio (0-6 years): 966 girls per 1000 boys
Population Growth
Growth Rate (2001-2011): 10.74%
Literacy Rate
Overall Literacy Rate: 69.25%
Male Literacy: 77.03%
Female Literacy: 61.27%
Child Population
Total Children (0-6 years): 122,872
Males: 62,498
Females: 60,374
Child Proportion (0-6 years): 12.93% of total population
Religious Composition
The religious demographics are as follows:
Hinduism: 81.74%
Islam: 15.20%
Christianity: 2.59%
Other or Not Stated: 0.47%
Administrative Setup of Baksa District
- Revenue Circles: 4 (Baksa, Tamulpur, Barama, and Gossaigaon).
- Development Blocks: 5 (Baksa, Tamulpur, Barama, Gossaigaon, and Chenga).
- Gram Panchayats: 70+.
- Villages: 600+.
- Police Stations: 6.
- Municipal Boards: 2 (Tamulpur, Mushalpur).
- Headquarters: Mushalpur.
Attractive Tourist Places
1. Manas National Park
UNESCO World Heritage Site known for biodiversity and natural beauty.
2. Bodo Cultural Sites
Showcase Bodo culture and traditions, highlighting indigenous heritage.
Languages Spoken in Baksa District
- Assamese: 38.34%
- Bodo: 36.33%
- Bengali: 17.69%
- Nepali: 2.42%
- Sadri: 1.61%
- Kurukh: 1.47%
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