“Preparing for the APSC exam can be overwhelming, right? Imagine mastering the syllabus with a clear, concise guide. Dive into our comprehensive breakdown of the APSC syllabus, tailored just for you.”
The APSC Syllabus is designed to assess candidates’ knowledge, aptitude, and analytical abilities, and it comprises two stages: the Preliminary Examination (Prelims) and the Main Examination (Mains), followed by an interview/personality test.
The APSC Syllabus for Prelims includes two compulsory papers: General Studies Paper-I and General Studies Paper-II (also known as the CSAT or Civil Services Aptitude Test). These papers cover a wide range of subjects, including history, geography, economics, polity, environment, science, and current affairs.
The syllabus for APSC Mains examination is more specialized and consists of six papers, including one essay paper, four General Studies papers, one Assam specific papers.
APSC Syllabus 2025 PDF
The APSC syllabus PDF serves as a roadmap for candidates, providing them with a clear understanding of what is expected in each stage of the examination, which includes the Preliminary Examination, the Main Examination, and the Personality Test (Interview). Candidates can download the APSC Syllabus PDF for Prelims and Mains from the following links:
APSC Prelims Syllabus 2025
The first stage of the exam, i.e., the Civil Services Preliminary Exam is only a screening test and is conducted to shortlist candidates for the Main Examination. Marks secured in the Preliminary Exam are not taken into account while preparing the final merit.
Preliminary Exam consists of two papers of objective type carrying a maximum of 400 marks (in total) (Each paper =200 Marks).
No. of Papers | 2 compulsory papers |
Type of Questions | Objective (MCQ) type |
Total Maximum Marks | 400 (200 each paper) |
Duration of Exam | 2 hrs. each (20 minutes per hour extra time for blind candidates & candidate with Locomotor Disability & Cerebral Palsy [minimum 40% impairment]) |
Negative Marking | 1/4th of the marks assigned to a question |
General Studies Paper-I Syllabus
It has 100 questions broadly covering the following topics, carrying a maximum of 200 marks to be solved in 2 hours.
- Current events of National & International importance.
- History of India & Indian National Movement.
- Assam History
- Indian & World Geography – Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India & the World.
- Assam Geography
- Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
- Assam Polity
- Economic & Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.
- Assam Economy
- General issues on Environmental ecology, Bio-diversity & climate change – that do not require subject specialization.
- General Science.
General Studies Paper-II Syllabus
It comprises of 80 questions from the following topics carrying a maximum of 200 marks to be solved in 2 hours.
- Comprehension.
- Interpersonal skills including communication skills.
- Logical reasoning & analytical ability.
- Decision making & problem solving.
- General mental ability.
- Basic numeracy (numbers & their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency, etc. – Class X level)
CSAT is a qualifying paper with minimum qualifying marks fixed at 33%. It is mandatory for a candidate to appear in both the Papers of the APSC Prelim Exam for the purpose of evaluation.
APSC Mains Syllabus 2025
Civil Services Main Examination consists of written examination and interview (personality test).
Paper-I | 250 | |
Paper-II (GS 1) | General Studies-I (Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society) | 250 |
Paper-III (GS 2) | General Studies-II (Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations) | 250 |
Paper-IV (GS 3) | Genera Studies-III (Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management) | 250 |
Paper-V (GS 4) | General Studies-IV (Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude) | 250 |
Paper-VI (GS 5) | Assam Specific (History,Geography, Polity, Economics) | 250 |
Sub Total (Written Test) |
| 1500 |
| 180 | |
Grand Total |
| 1680 |
Important Points:
- Marks obtained by the candidates for the Paper I-VI only will be counted for merit ranking.
- The question papers for the main examination will be of conventional (essay) type and each paper will be of 3 hour duration.
- The question papers will be set in Assamese and English only.
- Compensatory time of twenty minutes per hour shall be permitted for the Blind candidates and the candidates with locomotor disability and cerebral palsy where dominant (writing) extremity is affected to the extent of slowing the performance of function (minimum of 40% impairment) in both the Civil Services (Preliminary) as well as in the Civil Services (Main) Examination.
APSC Essay Syllabus
Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics.
They will be expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in orderly fashion, and to write concisely. Credit will be given for effective and exact expression.
APSC GS 1 Syllabus 2025
Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society.
PART 1: INDIAN HERITAGE AND CULTURE
1. Indian Art and Architecture
- Prehistoric Art (Bhimbetka, Rock Paintings)
- Indus Valley Civilization Art & Architecture
- Mauryan Art & Architecture (Stupas, Pillars, Caves)
- Gupta Age Art (Ajanta, Ellora, Nalanda, Gandhara, Mathura)
- South Indian Temple Architecture (Dravidian, Nagara, Vesara)
- Mughal & Rajput Architecture
- Colonial and Modern Indian Architecture
2. Indian Literature
- Ancient Indian Literature (Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas, Epics – Ramayana, Mahabharata)
- Buddhist and Jain Literature (Tripitakas, Jataka Tales, Agamas)
- Sangam Literature and Bhakti Movement Literature
- Medieval Indian Literature (Persian, Sanskrit, Regional)
- Modern Indian Literature (Bengali Renaissance, Hindi, Tamil, Urdu, English literature)
3. Performing and Visual Arts
- Classical and Folk Dances of India
- Indian Music (Classical: Hindustani, Carnatic; Folk and Contemporary)
- Theatre and Drama (Sanskrit, Modern, Folk)
- Painting Traditions (Madhubani, Warli, Tanjore, Pattachitra, Mughal, Rajput)
- Puppetry and Tribal Art
PART 2: HISTORY
4. Modern Indian History (1757–1947)
- British Expansion and Consolidation in India
- Revolt of 1857 – Causes, Consequences, and Impact
- Social and Religious Reform Movements (Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Aligarh Movement)
- Growth of Nationalism (Indian National Congress, Swadeshi Movement, Extremist Phase)
- Gandhian Era (Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, Quit India Movement)
- Role of Revolutionary Movements and Regional Freedom Struggles
- Role of Women and Minorities in the Freedom Struggle
5. Post-Independence India (1947-Present)
- Political and Social Integration of Princely States
- Reorganization of States and Linguistic Reforms
- Economic Planning (Five-Year Plans, Green Revolution, Industrial Policies)
- Emergency of 1975 and Its Impact
- Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (1991 Reforms)
- Contemporary Political Developments and Challenges
6. World History (18th Century Onwards)
- Industrial Revolution – Causes, Impact on Economy and Society
- American & French Revolutions – Causes, Impact on World Politics
- World Wars I & II – Causes, Consequences, Impact on Colonies
- Redrawal of National Boundaries & Cold War – NATO, Warsaw Pact, Non-Aligned Movement
- Colonialism & Decolonization – Africa, Asia, India’s Role
- Political Ideologies – Capitalism, Socialism, Communism, Fascism, Democracy
PART 3: INDIAN SOCIETY
7. Salient Features of Indian Society
- Diversity and Unity in India
- Caste System, Its Evolution, and Contemporary Issues
- Tribal Societies in India
- Regional and Cultural Diversity
8. Women and Society
- Status of Women in India – Historical & Contemporary Perspectives
- Women’s Movements and Feminist Struggles in India
- Role of Women’s Organizations (SEWA, NCW, SHGs)
- Government Policies for Women Empowerment
9. Population and Associated Issues
- Demographic Trends and Population Growth
- Migration and Its Impact on Urbanization
- Challenges of Overpopulation and Aging Population
10. Social Issues – Poverty and Development
- Multidimensional Poverty – Causes and Effects
- Government Schemes for Poverty Alleviation
- Rural-Urban Divide and Its Impact on Society
11. Effects of Globalization on Indian Society
- Social and Cultural Impact of Globalization
- Role of Media, Technology, and Consumerism
- Impact on Traditional Occupations and Rural Economy
12. Social Empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism & Secularism
- Social Movements and Struggles for Justice
- Issues of Religious Fundamentalism and Communalism
- Rise of Regionalism in Indian Politics
- Secularism and Its Challenges in India
PART 4: GEOGRAPHY
13. Physical Geography of the World
- Geomorphic Processes – Weathering, Erosion, Deposition
- Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift
- Major Landforms – Mountains, Plains, Plateaus, Deserts
- River Systems of the World (Nile, Amazon, Ganges, Mississippi)
14. Distribution of Natural Resources
- Mineral and Energy Resources (Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas, Rare Earth Metals)
- Agricultural Resources and Global Trade Patterns
- Water Resources and Disputes Across the World
15. Industrial Location Factors
- Primary (Agriculture, Fishing, Forestry)
- Secondary (Manufacturing, Heavy Industries)
- Tertiary (Services, IT, Banking)
- Case Studies of Major Industrial Regions (Silicon Valley, Ruhr, Chhota Nagpur)
16. Geophysical Phenomena
- Earthquakes & Seismic Zones
- Tsunamis – Causes and Impact
- Volcanic Activity – Types of Volcanoes and Effects
- Cyclones – Formation, Classification, and Impact on Coastal Areas
- Climate Change and Its Effects on Geography
17. Changing Geography and Environmental Impact
- Melting Ice Caps and Rising Sea Levels
- Deforestation and Desertification
- Impact of Human Activities on Ecosystems
- Water-Body Shrinkage and Groundwater Depletion
APSC GS 2 Syllabus 2025
Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations.
PART 1: INDIAN CONSTITUTION & POLITICAL SYSTEM
1. Historical Underpinnings & Evolution of the Constitution
- Pre-Independence Developments: Regulating Act 1773 to Cabinet Mission Plan 1946
- Making of the Constitution: Constituent Assembly, Committees, Philosophical Foundations
- Influences on the Indian Constitution: British, American, Canadian, Irish, Soviet Constitutions
2. Salient Features of the Indian Constitution
- Federalism with Unitary Bias
- Parliamentary System of Government
- Fundamental Rights & Duties
- Directive Principles of State Policy
- Secularism, Socialism, Democracy, Republic
3. Amendments and Basic Structure
- Procedure for Constitutional Amendment
- Landmark Amendments (1st, 42nd, 44th, 73rd, 74th, 101st, etc.)
- Doctrine of Basic Structure – Evolution through Judicial Interpretation
PART 2: UNION & STATE GOVERNANCE
4. Federalism & Devolution of Powers
- Union-State Relations: Legislative, Administrative & Financial Relations
- Inter-State Relations: Interstate Councils, Zonal Councils, River Water Disputes
- Decentralization: 73rd & 74th Amendments – Panchayati Raj & Urban Local Bodies
- Challenges to Federalism: GST, President’s Rule, Governor’s Role
5. Separation of Powers & Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
- Legislature vs. Executive vs. Judiciary
- Judicial Review, Judicial Activism, PILs
- Tribunals, Lok Adalats, Alternative Dispute Resolution
6. Comparison with Other Constitutions
- UK’s Parliamentary Sovereignty vs. India’s Parliamentary System
- US Presidential System vs. India’s Parliamentary System
- France’s Administrative Law & Indian Governance
- Germany’s Federalism & India’s Cooperative Federalism
PART 3: PARLIAMENT, EXECUTIVE & JUDICIARY
7. Parliament & State Legislatures
- Structure & Functioning of Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha
- Law-Making Process, Parliamentary Committees
- Privileges & Immunities of Members
- Issues: Disruptions, Anti-Defection, Criminalization of Politics
8. Executive (Union & State Government)
- President & Governor: Powers, Functions, Ordinance-making Powers
- Prime Minister & Council of Ministers: Role in Policy & Governance
- Chief Minister & State Executives: Powers & Responsibilities
9. Judiciary & Its Functioning
- Structure of the Judiciary: Supreme Court, High Courts, Subordinate Courts
- Judicial Independence & Accountability
- Judicial Reforms & Delays in Justice
- Collegium System & Judicial Appointments
10. Pressure Groups & Informal Associations
- Role of Political Pressure Groups in Policy Making
- Influence of Business Lobbies, Trade Unions, Civil Society Organizations
- Student Movements, Farmers’ Movements, RTI Activists
11. Representation of People’s Act (RPA) & Electoral Reforms
- Salient Features of RPA (1950 & 1951)
- Issues in Electoral Process: EVMs, Election Funding, Freebies, MCC Violations
- Electoral Reforms: VVPAT, State Funding of Elections, Simultaneous Elections
PART 4: CONSTITUTIONAL, STATUTORY & REGULATORY BODIES
12. Constitutional Bodies
- Election Commission of India (ECI)
- Comptroller & Auditor General (CAG)
- Finance Commission
- UPSC & State PSCs
- National Commission for SCs, STs, OBCs
13. Statutory & Regulatory Bodies
- NITI Aayog
- Central Information Commission (CIC)
- Central Vigilance Commission (CVC)
- Lokpal & Lokayuktas
- National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
14. Quasi-Judicial Bodies
- National Green Tribunal (NGT)
- Securities & Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
- Competition Commission of India (CCI)
PART 5: GOVERNANCE, POLICIES & WELFARE
15. Government Policies & Development Interventions
- Policy Formulation & Implementation Challenges
- Major Social Sector Policies (Education, Health, Women Empowerment)
- Agricultural & Industrial Policies
16. Development Processes & Stakeholders
- Role of NGOs, SHGs, Cooperatives in Development
- Philanthropic Organizations & Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
17. Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections
- SC, ST, OBC Welfare Programs
- Women & Child Welfare (Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, ICDS)
- Social Security Schemes (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, PM-KISAN, Ujjwala Yojana)
18. Social Sector & Human Resource Development
- Health Infrastructure & Challenges (Ayushman Bharat, Public Health)
- Education Policies (NEP 2020, Right to Education)
- Skill Development & Employment Policies
19. Poverty, Hunger & Related Issues
- Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)
- SDGs & India’s Approach to Poverty Eradication
- Malnutrition & Food Security (PDS, National Food Security Act)
20. Governance, Transparency & Accountability
- Good Governance Initiatives: Citizen Charters, Sevottam Model
- Right to Information (RTI) Act & Whistleblower Protection
- E-Governance Models & Challenges
21. Role of Civil Services in a Democracy
- Bureaucratic Reforms & Civil Service Accountability
- Issues of Political Interference, Corruption & Red Tape
PART 6: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
22. India & Its Neighborhood Relations
- Pakistan, China, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan
- Border Issues (LAC, LOC, Kalapani, Doklam, Indo-Bangladesh Enclaves)
- Regional Cooperation (SAARC, BIMSTEC, BBIN, BCIM Corridor)
23. Bilateral, Regional & Global Agreements
- India-US, India-Russia, India-EU, India-Japan Relations
- India’s Engagement in Indo-Pacific & QUAD
- Free Trade Agreements (FTA), WTO & Trade Relations
24. Effect of Global Policies on India
- US Foreign Policy, China’s Belt & Road Initiative
- Russia-Ukraine War & Global Energy Crisis
- India’s Position in Changing Global Order
25. Indian Diaspora & Soft Power Diplomacy
- Contributions of Indian Diaspora (USA, Gulf, UK, Canada)
- India’s Soft Power – Yoga, Ayurveda, Bollywood, IT Sector
26. Important International Institutions & Agreements
- United Nations & Its Agencies (UNSC, WHO, IMF, WB, UNESCO, ILO)
- G20, BRICS, SCO, ASEAN, AIIB
- Climate Change Conventions – Paris Agreement, COP Conferences
APSC GS 3 Syllabus 2025
Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management
PART 1: INDIAN ECONOMY & DEVELOPMENT
1. Economic Planning & Resource Mobilization
- Economic Planning in India: Five-Year Plans, NITI Aayog
- Resource Mobilization: Tax Revenue, Non-Tax Revenue, Borrowings
- Sustainable Growth vs. Rapid Industrialization
2. Growth, Development & Employment
- GDP, GNP, NNP, NDP – Concepts & Measurement
- Economic Growth vs. Economic Development
- Employment Trends, Unemployment Types & Government Initiatives (MGNREGA, Skill India)
3. Inclusive Growth & Related Issues
- Financial Inclusion (Jan Dhan Yojana, Microfinance)
- Socio-Economic Inequalities & Their Impact
- Sustainable & Equitable Development
4. Government Budgeting
- Components of Budget: Revenue & Capital Expenditure, Deficits
- FRBM Act & Fiscal Prudence
- Tax Reforms (GST, Direct Tax Code)
PART 2: AGRICULTURE & FOOD SECURITY
5. Major Crops & Cropping Patterns
- Kharif, Rabi & Zaid Crops – Distribution & Issues
- Green, White, Blue, Pink & Yellow Revolutions
- Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture
6. Irrigation & Water Resource Management
- Types of Irrigation (Canal, Drip, Sprinkler)
- Major River Water Disputes
- Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)
7. Agricultural Marketing & E-Technology in Farming
- APMC Act, e-NAM, Supply Chain Issues
- Digital Agriculture, Agri-Tech Startups
- Issues in Agri-Exports & Food Processing
8. Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices (MSP)
- Direct vs. Indirect Subsidies (Fertilizer, Power, Loan Waivers)
- MSP & Agricultural Pricing Policies
- Public Distribution System (PDS): Functioning & Challenges
9. Food Security & Buffer Stock Management
- National Food Security Act (NFSA)
- Mid-Day Meal Scheme & ICDS
- FCI Warehousing & Storage Challenges
10. Animal Husbandry & Dairy Sector
- Livestock Economy & Dairy Cooperatives (Amul Model)
- Poultry, Fisheries & Sericulture Development
- National Livestock Mission
11. Food Processing Industry
- Scope & Significance in Indian Economy
- Value Addition & Supply Chain Management
- Government Initiatives (PM FME Scheme, Mega Food Parks)
12. Land Reforms in India
- Zamindari Abolition, Land Ceiling & Redistribution
- Tenancy Reforms & Digital Land Records (DILRMP)
- Issues of Land Acquisition & Tribal Land Rights
PART 3: INDUSTRY, INFRASTRUCTURE & INVESTMENT
13. Liberalization & Industrial Growth
- LPG Reforms (1991) & Their Impact
- Changes in Industrial Policy Over Time
- MSMEs & Start-Up Ecosystem in India
14. Infrastructure Development
- Energy (Renewable & Non-Renewable), Electricity Sector Reforms
- Roads & Highways (Bharatmala, Expressways)
- Ports & Shipping (Sagarmala), Airports (UDAN Scheme)
- Railways Modernization & Metro Expansion
15. Investment Models & Public-Private Partnerships (PPP)
- Types of Investment Models (BOT, BOOT, HAM)
- FDI, FPI & Foreign Exchange Reserves
- Industrial Corridors & SEZs
PART 4: SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
16. Science & Tech in Everyday Life
- Role of Science & Tech in Improving Quality of Life
- Research & Development in India
17. Achievements of Indians in Science & Technology
- Major Indian Scientists & Their Contributions
- Recent Innovations & Breakthroughs
18. Indigenization of Technology
- Make in India & Aatma Nirbhar Bharat
- Indigenous Defense Production (DRDO, ISRO, HAL)
19. IT & Computer Science
- Growth of IT Sector in India
- Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning
20. Space Technology
- ISRO’s Achievements (Chandrayaan, Gaganyaan, Aditya L1)
- Satellite Programs (NAVIC, RISAT, GSAT)
21. Robotics & Nano-Technology
- Emerging Trends & Applications
- India’s Position in Global Research
22. Biotechnology & IPR Issues
- Genetic Engineering, GM Crops & Bioinformatics
- Patent Laws & Copyright Issues
PART 5: ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY
23. Conservation & Environmental Pollution
- Air, Water & Soil Pollution – Causes & Mitigation
- Climate Change & Global Warming
- India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)
24. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
- EIA Process & Challenges
- Environmental Laws & Policies in India
25. Disaster & Disaster Management
- Classification of Disasters (Natural & Man-made)
- NDMA & SDRF Mechanisms
- Case Studies (Tsunami, Floods, Earthquakes, Industrial Accidents)
PART 6: INTERNAL SECURITY & DISASTER MANAGEMENT
26. Development & Spread of Extremism
- Left-Wing Extremism (Naxalism)
- Insurgency in Northeast India
- Counter-Insurgency Strategies
27. Role of External & Non-State Actors in Security
- Cross-Border Terrorism & Role of ISI
- Cyber Warfare & Threats to National Security
28. Cyber Security & Social Media Threats
- Basics of Cyber Security & Data Protection
- Social Media Manipulation & Fake News
29. Money Laundering & Economic Crimes
- Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA)
- Role of Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)
30. Border Security & Challenges
- India’s Border Management Strategies
- Border Disputes & Illegal Immigration Issues
31. Organized Crime & Terrorism
- Drug Trafficking, Arms Smuggling
- Links Between Terrorism & Organized Crime
32. Various Security Forces & Their Mandate
- Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, CRPF, ITBP, CISF, SSB)
- Intelligence Agencies (RAW, IB, NIA)
- Role of Defense Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force)
APSC GS Paper 4 Syllabus 2025
Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude
This paper will include questions to test the candidates’ attitude and approach to issues relating to integrity, probity in public life and his problem solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced by him in dealing with society.
Questions may utilise the case study approach to determine these aspects.
The following broad areas will be covered:
PART 1: ETHICS & HUMAN INTERFACE
1. Understanding Ethics & Its Application
- Definition, Scope & Importance of Ethics
- Essence & Determinants of Ethics in Human Actions
- Ethical Dilemmas & Decision-Making
- Case Studies on Ethical Decision-Making
2. Dimensions of Ethics
- Personal, Social, Professional & Political Ethics
- Ethics in Private vs. Public Relationships
- Conflict Between Ethics & Law
3. Role of Ethics in Governance
- Ethical Governance & Responsible Leadership
- Values in Public Administration
4. Human Values & Their Sources
- Lessons from Great Leaders, Thinkers, Reformers & Administrators
- Indian & Western Moral Philosophies
- Role of Family, Society & Educational Institutions in Value Formation
PART 2: ATTITUDE & ITS IMPACT
5. Understanding Attitude
- Meaning, Content, Structure & Functions of Attitude
- Formation & Change of Attitudes
6. Relationship Between Attitude, Thought & Behavior
- Impact of Attitude on Decision-Making & Action
- Case Studies on Attitude & Decision-Making
7. Types of Attitudes
- Moral & Political Attitudes
- Social Influence & Persuasion in Public Administration
PART 3: APTITUDE & FOUNDATIONAL VALUES FOR CIVIL SERVICES
8. Foundational Values of Civil Services
- Integrity, Impartiality & Non-Partisanship
- Objectivity & Commitment to Public Service
- Empathy, Tolerance & Compassion Towards Weaker Sections
- Case Studies on Civil Service Values
9. Professional & Personal Integrity
- Ethical Conduct in Public Service
- Case Studies on Integrity & Corruption
PART 4: EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE & ADMINISTRATION
10. Understanding Emotional Intelligence (EI)
- Meaning, Components & Importance of EI
- Self-Awareness, Self-Regulation, Motivation, Empathy & Social Skills
11. Role of EI in Public Administration
- Application of Emotional Intelligence in Governance
- Leadership & Decision-Making in Administration
12. Emotional Intelligence in Conflict Resolution
- Managing Stress & Pressure in Governance
- Emotional Intelligence & Crisis Management
- Case Studies on Emotional Intelligence in Public Service
PART 5: MORAL THINKERS & PHILOSOPHERS
13. Contributions of Indian & Western Moral Thinkers
- Indian Philosophers: Mahatma Gandhi, Swami Vivekananda, Buddha, Chanakya, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
- Western Philosophers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham
14. Relevance of Philosophical Teachings in Public Administration
- Application of Philosophical Ethics in Governance
- Case Studies on Moral Thinkers in Administration
PART 6: PUBLIC SERVICE VALUES & ETHICS IN GOVERNANCE
15. Status & Problems of Ethics in Public Administration
- Ethical Concerns & Dilemmas in Governance
- Role of Laws, Rules & Conscience in Decision-Making
16. Strengthening Ethical & Moral Values in Governance
- Code of Ethics vs. Code of Conduct
- Role of Civil Servants in Ethical Governance
17. Accountability & Ethical Governance
- Importance of Accountability in Public Administration
- Role of Whistleblowers & Vigilance Mechanisms
18. Ethical Issues in International Relations
- Ethics in Diplomacy & Foreign Policy
- Ethical Issues in Global Aid & Funding
19. Corporate Governance & Ethics in Business
- Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
- Ethical Business Practices & Corporate Fraud
PART 7: PROBITY IN GOVERNANCE
20. Concept of Public Service & Probity in Governance
- Philosophical Basis of Governance & Public Service
- Ethical Challenges in Public Service
21. Transparency & Information Sharing in Government
- Right to Information (RTI) Act & Its Role in Governance
- Challenges in Ensuring Transparency
22. Codes of Ethics & Conduct for Public Officials
- Citizen’s Charter & Public Accountability
- Work Culture & Service Delivery in Public Offices
23. Challenges of Corruption & Ethical Measures
- Types & Impact of Corruption
- Anti-Corruption Mechanisms (Lokpal, CVC, Vigilance Commissions)
- International Anti-Corruption Measures
PART 8: CASE STUDIES ON ETHICS & INTEGRITY
24. Case Studies on Ethical Dilemmas in Public Administration
- Personal Integrity vs. Professional Duty
- Conflict Between Law & Ethics in Decision-Making
25. Case Studies on Emotional Intelligence in Governance
- Crisis Management & Decision-Making Under Pressure
- Handling Public Grievances & Bureaucratic Challenges
26. Case Studies on Transparency & Accountability
- RTI & Public Accountability
- Whistleblower Protection & Ethical Dilemmas
27. Case Studies on Corruption & Ethical Leadership
- Ethical Failures in Government & Business
- Good Governance Examples & Leadership in Crisis
APSC GS Paper 5 Syllabus 2025
Assam History
Part I: Introduction to Assam’s History
Geographical and Historical Setting
- Location and boundaries
- Physiography and rivers
- Climate and natural resources
- Importance of Assam in Indian history
Prehistoric Assam
- Stone Age cultures: Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic evidence
- Early human settlements
- Megalithic culture and archaeological sites
Ancient Assam: Mythological & Vedic References
- Assam in the Epics (Mahabharata, Ramayana)
- References in the Vedic texts, Puranas, and Buddhist & Jain texts
- The Kiratas and Aryan influence
Part II: Early Political History of Assam
The Earliest Known Kingdoms
- Danava and Naraka Dynasties
- Mythical rulers and their historical significance
The Varman Dynasty (4th-7th Century CE)
- Establishment of the Varman rule
- Relationship with the Gupta Empire
- Bhaskaravarman and his contributions
The Salastambha Dynasty (7th-10th Century CE)
- Rise of Salastambhas
- Political developments and decline
The Kamarupa-Pala Dynasty (10th-12th Century CE)
- Establishment and rulers
- Brahmapala, Ratnapala, and Jayapala
- Fall of the Kamarupa kingdom
Part III: Medieval Assam (12th-18th Century CE)
The Invasion of the Turks and Delhi Sultanate Influence
- Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji’s invasion
- Resistance by local rulers
The Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826 CE)
- Origins of the Ahoms
- Important rulers (Sukapha, Rudra Singha, Gadadhar Singha)
- Administrative system and social structure
- Expansion and consolidation
- Military organization and warfare strategies
The Chutiya and Kachari Kingdoms
- Rise and expansion of the Chutiya kingdom
- Kachari rule in Central and Southern Assam
- Conflicts with Ahoms and Mughals
The Koch Dynasty (15th-17th Century CE)
- Establishment of the Koch kingdom
- Nara Narayan and Chilarai’s contributions
- The division of Koch Behar and Koch Hajo
Mughal Invasions and the Ahom-Mughal Wars
- First encounters with the Mughals
- Battle of Saraighat (1671) and Lachit Borphukan’s leadership
- Treaty of Yandabo (1826) and its impact
Part IV: Colonial Assam (1826-1947)
The Treaty of Yandabo and British Annexation
- Consequences of the treaty
- Initial British administration
Early Colonial Administration and Resistance
- Assam under British rule
- Peasant revolts and tribal uprisings (Phulaguri Uprising, Khamti Rebellion)
Economic and Social Impact of British Rule
- Tea plantations and migration
- Growth of modern education
- Socio-religious reform movements
Freedom Movement in Assam
- Swadeshi movement in Assam
- Role of Assam in the Non-Cooperation Movement
- Quit India Movement and its impact
Part V: Post-Independence Assam (1947-Present)
Reorganization of Assam Post-1947
- Formation of new states (Nagaland, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh)
- Assam Movement (1979-1985) and its significance
Ethnic Conflicts and Insurgency
- Bodo, ULFA, and other insurgent movements
- Government responses and peace initiatives
Development and Modernization
- Economic growth and industrialization
- Challenges and opportunities in the 21st century
Part VI: Cultural & Social Aspects of Assam’s History
Evolution of Assamese Society
- Ethnic groups and their influence
- Caste and social structure
Religious Movements in Assam
- Shankardeva and the Neo-Vaishnavite movement
- Satras and Namghars
Language and Literature
- Evolution of Assamese script and literature
- Contribution of Sankardev, Madhav Kandali, and Lakshminath Bezbaroa
Art, Architecture, and Heritage
- Ahom-era architecture
- Satras and Vaishnavite art
- Unique crafts and traditions
Music, Dance, and Festivals
- Bihu, Sattriya dance, and other traditional art forms
- Cultural significance of festivals
Assam Geography
Part I: Introduction to Assam
Geographical Overview of Assam
- Location and Latitudinal/Longitudinal Extent
- Area and Boundaries
- Neighboring States and Countries
Historical Evolution of Assam’s Geography
- Ancient Assam (Pragjyotisha & Kamarupa)
- Colonial Influence on Assam’s Geography
- Post-Independence Changes
Geology and Tectonic Framework
- Geological History of Assam
- Major Rock Formations and Their Distribution
- Seismicity and Earthquake Zones
Part II: Physical Geography of Assam
Physiography and Relief Features
- Physiographic Divisions of Assam
- The Brahmaputra Valley
- The Barak Valley
- The Karbi Anglong & Dima Hasao Hills
- The North Cachar Hills and Other Hill Ranges
- Physiographic Divisions of Assam
Rivers and Drainage System
- The Brahmaputra River System
- The Barak River System
- Important Tributaries and Their Characteristics
- River Dynamics and Flooding Issues
Climate of Assam
- Climatic Classification (Köppen’s & IMD)
- Seasonal Variations (Pre-Monsoon, Monsoon, Post-Monsoon, Winter)
- Rainfall Distribution and Monsoonal Influence
- Climate Change and Its Impact
Soil Types and Their Distribution
- Alluvial Soil
- Laterite Soil
- Sandy Soil
- Peaty & Marshy Soil
- Soil Erosion and Conservation Measures
Natural Vegetation and Forests
- Forest Types and Their Distribution
- Major Reserved and Protected Forests
- Biodiversity Hotspots
- Deforestation and Conservation Initiatives
Part III: Resources and Economic Geography
Mineral Resources of Assam
- Oil and Natural Gas Reserves (Digboi, Duliajan, etc.)
- Coal Deposits (Makum, Ledo, etc.)
- Limestone and Other Minerals
Water Resources and Hydropower Potential
- Surface Water and Groundwater Availability
- Hydropower Projects and Their Status
- Challenges in Water Resource Management
- Agriculture and Cropping Patterns
- Major Crops (Rice, Tea, Jute, etc.)
- Plantation Agriculture (Tea, Rubber, etc.)
- Horticulture Development
- Agro-Climatic Zones of Assam
- Industries and Industrial Development
- Major Industries (Tea, Petroleum, Silk, etc.)
- Industrial Corridors and SEZs
- Role of Assam Industrial Development Corporation (AIDC)
- Energy and Power Sector
- Thermal Power Plants
- Hydroelectric Power Plants
- Renewable Energy Potential (Solar, Biomass, etc.)
Part IV: Human & Cultural Geography
- Population and Demographic Features
- Population Growth and Distribution
- Urbanization Trends
- Ethnic Groups and Their Settlements
- Tribes and Ethnic Communities of Assam
- Major Tribes (Bodos, Mishings, Karbis, etc.)
- Traditional Practices and Lifestyles
- Government Policies for Tribal Welfare
- Language, Religion, and Culture
- Linguistic Diversity
- Major Religious Groups
- Cultural Festivals and Heritage
- Urbanization and Settlement Patterns
- Growth of Cities (Guwahati, Dibrugarh, etc.)
- Rural-Urban Migration Trends
- Slums and Urban Challenges
Part V: Environmental and Ecological Issues
- Biodiversity and Wildlife of Assam
- Major National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries
- Endangered Species (One-Horned Rhino, Hoolock Gibbon, etc.)
- Conservation Efforts (Project Elephant, Project Tiger, etc.)
- Disaster Management in Assam
- Floods and River Bank Erosion
- Earthquakes and Landslides
- Man-Made Disasters (Oil Spills, Industrial Accidents)
- Climate Change and Its Impact on Assam
- Rising Temperatures and Changing Rainfall Patterns
- Effects on Agriculture and Water Resources
- Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies
Part VI: Transport, Communication, and Connectivity
- Transport Networks in Assam
- Roadways and Major National Highways
- Railways and Their Connectivity
- Airways and Airports (LGBI, Dibrugarh, etc.)
- Inland Water Transport System
- Communication and Digital Connectivity
- Mobile and Internet Penetration
- Role of Digital India in Assam’s Development
Part VII: Geopolitical and Strategic Importance
- Assam and Its Strategic Location
- Bordering Countries and States
- Act East Policy and Its Implications
- Border Issues and Ethnic Conflicts
- Assam-Arunachal, Assam-Nagaland, Assam-Meghalaya Disputes
- Illegal Migration Issues
- Ethnic and Socio-Political Conflicts
Part VIII: Sustainable Development and Future Prospects
- Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Assam
- Assam’s Progress on SDGs
- Challenges in Achieving Sustainable Development
- Government Schemes and Initiatives for Assam’s Development
- North East Special Infrastructure Development Scheme (NESIDS)
- Mission Basundhara (Land Record Digitization)
- Jal Jeevan Mission in Assam
- Future Prospects of Assam’s Geography
- Vision 2030 for Assam
- Opportunities in Green Economy and Ecotourism
- Role of Assam in India’s Development
Assam Economy
Part 1: Introduction to Assam’s Economy
- Overview of Assam’s Economy
- Definition and Scope
- Key Economic Indicators
- Role of Assam in India’s Economy
- Historical Evolution of Assam’s Economy
- Pre-Colonial Economic Structure
- Impact of British Rule (Tea, Oil, and Railways)
- Post-Independence Economic Reforms
- Geographical and Demographic Impact on the Economy
- Role of Topography, Climate, and Rivers
- Demographics and Workforce Structure
- Rural vs. Urban Economic Divide
- Overview of Assam’s Economy
Part 2: Agriculture and Allied Sectors
- Agriculture in Assam
- Major Crops (Tea, Rice, Jute, Mustard, etc.)
- Plantation Economy and Tea Industry
- Challenges: Floods, Land Degradation, and Climate Change
- Government Schemes and Policies (PM-KISAN, RKVY, etc.)
- Livestock and Dairy Industry
- Cattle Rearing and Poultry
- Fishery and Aquaculture Industry
- Role of Cooperative Societies in Dairy Farming
- Forestry and Bamboo Industry
- Forest Resources and Timber Trade
- Role of Bamboo in Assam’s Economy
- Government Regulations and Conservation Efforts
- Agriculture in Assam
Part 3: Industrial Sector
- Major Industries in Assam
- Tea Industry (Production, Export, Challenges)
- Oil and Natural Gas Industry (ONGC, OIL India Ltd.)
- Coal and Limestone Industries
- Handloom and Handicrafts Industry
- Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Assam
- Role of Cottage Industries
- Silk and Textile Industry (Muga and Eri Silk)
- Government Schemes for SMEs (MSME Schemes, Stand-Up India)
- Industrial Policies and Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
- Assam Industrial Policy and North East Industrial Development Scheme (NEIDS)
- SEZs and Industrial Corridors
- Challenges in Industrial Growth
- Major Industries in Assam
Part 4: Infrastructure and Transport
- Transport and Connectivity
- Roadways, Railways, Waterways, and Airways
- Challenges in Transport Infrastructure
- Inland Water Transport (IWT) and its Potential
- Energy and Power Sector
- Hydroelectric Projects in Assam
- Thermal and Renewable Energy (Solar, Wind)
- Assam Power Distribution Challenges
Part 5: Services and Tertiary Sector
- Banking and Financial Institutions
- Role of RBI and Assam’s Banking Network
- Financial Inclusion and Microfinance in Assam
- Role of NABARD in Rural Development
- Tourism Industry
- Eco-Tourism and Wildlife Tourism (Kaziranga, Manas)
- Heritage and Cultural Tourism
- Adventure and River Tourism (Brahmaputra River)
- Government Initiatives in Tourism Development
- Trade and Commerce
- Assam’s Trade Relations with Neighboring States and Countries
- Border Trade with Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar
- Role of Guwahati as a Commercial Hub
Part 6: Economic Challenges and Social Issues
- Poverty and Unemployment in Assam
- Rural and Urban Poverty Trends
- Government Schemes for Employment (MGNREGA, Skill India)
- Floods and Natural Disasters: Impact on Assam’s Economy
- Economic Loss Due to Floods and Landslides
- Role of Disaster Management in Economic Stability
- Migration and Its Economic Implications
- Intra-state and Inter-state Migration Trends
- Socio-Economic Impact of Illegal Immigration
Part 7: Government Policies and Future Prospects
- State and Central Government Economic Policies
- Assam Budget and Economic Policies
- Special Category Status and Central Grants
- Development Schemes (Act East Policy, Mission Basundhara)
- Future Prospects and Emerging Sectors
- IT and Startups in Assam
- Potential for Agri-Business and Food Processing
- Digital Economy and E-Governance
- Sustainable Development and Green Economy
- Climate Change and Assam’s Economy
- Renewable Energy and Environmental Conservation
- Role of Sustainable Agriculture and Industries
Assam Polity
Part 1: Introduction to Assam’s Polity
- Overview of Assam’s Political System
- Definition and Scope of Polity
- Structure of Government in Assam
- Importance of Assam in India’s Federal System
- Historical Evolution of Assam’s Political System
- Pre-Colonial Administration (Ahom and Koch Kingdoms)
- British Rule and Administrative Changes (1826-1947)
- Integration of Assam into the Indian Union (Post-1947)
- Geopolitical Significance of Assam
- Strategic Location and Borders (Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar)
- Role of Assam in North-East Politics
- Impact of Ethnicity and Linguistic Diversity on Politics
Part 2: Constitutional and Legal Framework
- Constitutional Provisions Related to Assam
- 6th Schedule and Autonomous Councils
- Special Provisions for Assam under Article 371B
- Role of Governor and Special Powers
- State Government Structure
- Executive: Governor, Chief Minister, and Council of Ministers
- Legislative: Unicameral Legislature (Assam Legislative Assembly)
- Judiciary: High Court of Guwahati and Subordinate Courts
- Local Governance in Assam
- Panchayati Raj System and Urban Local Bodies
- 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments in Assam
- Municipal Corporations, Town Committees, and Development Authorities
Part 3: Political Parties and Electoral System
- Political Parties in Assam
- Major National and Regional Parties (INC, BJP, AGP, AIUDF, BPF)
- Role of Regionalism in Assam’s Politics
- Ethnic and Linguistic Political Movements
- Elections in Assam
- Electoral Process and Voting Trends
- Assam Legislative Assembly Elections (Post-Independence Analysis)
- Lok Sabha Elections and Assam’s Representation in Parliament
- Role of Election Commission in Assam
- Delimitation of Constituencies
- Issues of Electoral Malpractices and Violence
- Voter Turnout and Participation Trends
Part 4: Autonomy and Special Administrative Structures
- Autonomous District Councils (ADCs) in Assam
- Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR)
- Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao Autonomous Councils
- Role and Functions of Autonomous Councils
- Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) and Its Political Dynamics
- Bodo Accord and Its Implications
- Role of BTC (Bodoland Territorial Council)
- Political Representation and Governance in BTR
- Other Autonomous Councils and Special Provisions
- Rabha, Mising, and Tiwa Autonomous Councils
- Functioning of Tribal Councils in Assam’s Political Landscape
Part 5: Ethnic Movements and Insurgency Politics
- Ethnic Conflicts and Their Political Impact
- Assam Agitation (1979-1985) and Its Aftermath
- Role of AASU (All Assam Students’ Union) and AGP
- National Register of Citizens (NRC) and Citizenship Issues
- Insurgency and Political Stability in Assam
- Role of ULFA, NDFB, and Other Militant Groups
- Peace Accords and Rehabilitation of Insurgents
- Government Initiatives to Curb Insurgency
- Illegal Immigration and Its Political Implications
- Assam Accord (1985) and Its Implementation
- National Register of Citizens (NRC) and Foreigners Tribunal
- Impact of CAA (Citizenship Amendment Act) on Assam
Part 6: Governance and Public Administration
- Bureaucracy and Administration in Assam
- Assam Civil Services (ACS) and State Administration
- Role of Chief Secretary and District Collectors
- Challenges in Governance and Bureaucratic Reforms
- Law and Order in Assam
- Role of Assam Police and Paramilitary Forces
- Border Security and Cross-Border Issues
- Issues of Smuggling, Drug Trafficking, and Terrorism
- Judiciary and Legal System in Assam
- Guwahati High Court and Its Jurisdiction
- Role of Lokayukta and Anti-Corruption Mechanisms
- Role of National and State Human Rights Commissions
Part 7: Policies and Socio-Economic Issues
- Reservation Policies in Assam
- Scheduled Tribes (ST), Scheduled Castes (SC), and OBC Reservations
- Political Representation of Minorities and Indigenous Communities
- Women’s Reservation and Political Participation
- Role of NGOs and Civil Society in Assam’s Politics
- Role of Student Unions and Pressure Groups
- Role of Media and Social Movements
- Influence of Religious and Ethnic Organizations
- Developmental Policies and Welfare Schemes
- Assam’s State Budget and Economic Policies
- Social Welfare Schemes (Orunodoi Scheme, Mission Basundhara)
- Challenges in Policy Implementation
Part 8: Future Political Trends and Challenges
- Federalism and Assam’s Relations with the Centre
- Role of North Eastern Council (NEC) in Assam’s Development
- Financial Assistance and Special Economic Packages
- Conflicts Between State and Centre Over Governance Issues
- Challenges in Assam’s Polity
- Corruption and Political Instability
- Declining Public Trust in Political Institutions
- Role of Social Media and Digital Governance
- Future of Politics in Assam
- Emerging Leadership and Youth Participation
- Impact of Globalization and Technology on Governance
- Potential Reforms for Political and Electoral Systems
- Overview of Assam’s Political System