1. Introduction
Majuli, the largest river island in the world, is located in Assam, India.
It is renowned for its rich cultural heritage, particularly the traditional art of mask-making.
This craft is deeply tied to religious and theatrical practices, especially in Bhaonas, which are traditional Assamese dramas depicting mythological stories.
2. Overview of Majuli Masks
Types of Masks
Majuli’s mask-making tradition features three primary types of masks:
| Type | Description | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Bor Mukha (Great Mask) | Large masks covering the entire body, reaching 10-12 feet. Made in two parts: the torso and head. | Enhances the visual spectacle of performances. |
| Lotokari Mukha (Hanging Mask) | Smaller masks with flexible headpieces, allowing greater mobility. Often used in Rasa festivals. | Used for specific festival performances. Characters include Putana and Taraka. |
| Mukh Mukha (Face Mask) | Covers only the face, complemented by elaborate costumes. | Enhances facial expressions, allowing for more emotive portrayal. |
3. Materials Used
Majuli masks are crafted using eco-friendly and sustainable materials:
Bamboo: Primary structural element, valued for flexibility and strength.
Clay and Cow Dung: Used to create a durable outer layer.
Natural Colors: Sourced from local plants, roots, and barks to maintain eco-friendliness.
4. Crafting Process
The process of making Majuli masks involves several intricate steps:
| Stage | Process Description |
| Pond Soaking | Bamboo pieces are soaked in water to increase flexibility. |
| Cutting and Structuring | Bamboo is cut into hollow pieces to form the framework. |
| Cloth Layering | The framework is covered with cotton cloth dipped in glue. |
| Clay Application | A mixture of clay and cow dung is applied to strengthen the mask. |
| Final Touches | Once dried, masks are painted with natural colors and adorned with decorative elements. |
5. Cultural Significance
The masks play a crucial role in Assamese religious festivals and theatrical performances.
They serve as both artistic expressions and embodiments of mythological narratives.
These masks help connect audiences with their cultural heritage.
6. GI Tag Recognition
| Parameter | Details |
| Product Name | Majuli Mask |
| Product Type | Handicraft |
| GI Certificate Awarded | March 4, 2024 |
| Significance | Recognized for its unique cultural identity and craftsmanship |
7. Conclusion
The Majuli Mask of Assam is a testament to the island’s rich artistic heritage.
It continues to play a significant role in preserving Assamese traditions while evolving to meet contemporary artistic demands.
The GI tag enhances its global recognition, ensuring its preservation and promotion for future generations.